This is a technique which thins the leather glued to the insole before the sole is glued. It ensures better adherence between upper and sole and reduces overthickness.

The seam is ironed to give it the shape of the foot.

This is a tool with a double-sided blade allowing the leather to be cut to the shape required as it has the same shape itself. It is the same principle as a cake mould.
Once the press knife is positioned on the leather, with the aid of a press - a "shape-cutting" machine - pressure is put on the press knife which then cuts the leather to the proper shape. This technique is used to cut the leather of the top of the shoe, the lining, the sock, the counter and the toe-cap.

This is a plastic foot which serves as a mould in all stages of manufacture (from the style office to assembly).

Stitched assembly of two symmetric pieces to close the shoe.

Thins the leather on the joints and the hard toe-cap.

Reducing thickness of the leather to enable easier stitching.